Yugoslav Wars; Clockwise from the top-left: Slovenian police escort captured JNA soldiers back to their unit during the 1991 Slovenian war of independence; A. Timothy Leary - February 19, 1974 Dan dotson storage wars dies? Dan Dotson Net Worth is $3.5 Million. Famous auctioneer Dan Dotson, with a net worth of $3.5 million, has done OK for himself in the.
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Yugoslav Wars - Wikipedia. This article is about the military conflicts related to the dissolution of Yugoslavia.
For an account of the events entailing the destruction of the Yugoslav state, see Breakup of Yugoslavia. The Yugoslav Wars were a series of ethnically- basedwars and insurgencies fought from 1. Yugoslavia. These wars accompanied and/or facilitated the breakup of the Yugoslav state, when its constituent republics declared independence, but the issues of ethnic minorities in the new countries (chiefly Serbs, Croats and Albanians) were still unresolved at the time the republics were recognized internationally. The wars are generally considered to be a series of separate but related military conflicts which occurred in, and affected, most of the former Yugoslav republics. Initially the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) sought to preserve the unity of the whole of Yugoslavia by crushing the secessionist governments but it increasingly came under the influence of the Serbian government of Slobodan Milo.
As a result, the JNA began to lose Slovenes, Croats, Kosovar Albanians, Bosniaks, and ethnic Macedonians, and effectively became a Serb army. These were the first European conflicts since World War II to be formally judged genocidal in character and many key individual participants were subsequently charged with war crimes. This nation lasted from 1. Axis powers during World War II, which provided support to the Usta. In 1. 94. 3, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) was established under Josip Broz Tito, who maintained a strongly authoritarian leadership that was non- aligned with either the United States or the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Slovenia and Croatia desired greater autonomy within the Yugoslav confederation, while Serbia sought to strengthen federal authority.
As it became clearer that there was no solution agreeable to all parties, Slovenia and Croatia moved toward secession. Although tensions in Yugoslavia had been mounting since the early 1.
In the midst of economic hardship, Yugoslavia was facing rising nationalism among its various ethnic groups. By the early 1. 99. The Federal Presidency consisted of the representatives of the six republics, two provinces, and the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). The communist leadership was divided along national lines. The representatives of Vojvodina, Kosovo and Montenegro were replaced with loyalists of the President of Serbia, Slobodan Milo.
Serbia secured four out of eight federal presidency votes. While Slovenia and Croatia wanted to allow a multi- party system, Serbia, led by Milo. This prompted the Croatian and Slovene delegations to walk out and thus the break- up of the party. Slovenian police and Slovenian Territorial Defence blockaded barracks and roads, leading to stand- offs and limited skirmishes around the republic. After several dozen casualties, the limited conflict was stopped through negotiation at Brioni on 7 July 1.
Slovenia and Croatia agreed to a three- month moratorium on secession. The Federal army completely withdrew from Slovenia by 2.
October 1. 99. 1. Croatian War of Independence (1. The Croatian War of Independence began when Serbs in Croatia, who were opposed to Croatian independence, announced their secession from Croatia following Croatia's declaration of independence. After the 1. 99. 0 parliamentary elections, Franjo Tu. He promoted nationalist policies and had a primary goal of the establishment of an independent Croatia.
The new government proposed constitutional changes, removed Communist symbols and renamed many streets and squares. In an attempt to counter changes made to the constitution, local Serb politicians organized a referendum on . Their boycott escalated into an insurrection in areas populated by ethnic Serbs, mostly around Knin, known as the Log Revolution. Local police in Knin sided with the growing Serbian insurgency, while many government employees, mostly in police where commanding positions were mainly held by Serbs and Communists, lost their jobs. The new Croatian constitution was ratified in December 1. Serb National Council proclaimed the SAO Krajina.
Ethnic tensions rose, fueled by propaganda in both Croatia and Serbia. On 2 May 1. 99. 1 one of the first armed clashes between Serb paramilitaries and Croatian police occurred in the Battle of Borovo Selo. On 1. 9 May an independence referendum was held, which was largely boycotted by Croatian Serbs, and the majority voted in favour of the independence of Croatia. Due to the Brioni Agreement, a three- month moratorium was placed on the implementation of the decision that ended on 8 October. The armed incidents of early 1. SAO Krajina. The JNA had disarmed the Territorial Units of Slovenia and Croatia prior to the declaration of independence, at the behest of Serbian President Slobodan Milo. The JNA was ostensibly ideologically unitarian, but its officer corps was predominantly staffed by Serbs or Montenegrins (7.
The Croatian Serb rebels were unaffected by the embargo as they had the support of and access to supplies of the JNA. By mid- July 1. 99.
JNA moved an estimated 7. Croatia. The fighting rapidly escalated, eventually spanning hundreds of square kilometers from western Slavonia through Banija to Dalmatia. In August 1. 99. 1, the Battle of Vukovar began, where fierce fighting took place with around 1,8. Croat fighters blocking JNA's advance into Slavonia. By the end of October, the town was almost completely devastated from land shelling and air bombardment. The Siege of Dubrovnik started in October with the shelling of UNESCOworld heritage site. Dubrovnik, where the international press was criticised for focusing on the city's architectural heritage, instead of reporting the destruction of Vukovar in which many civilians were killed.
Meanwhile, control over central Croatia was seized by Croatian Serb forces in conjunction with the JNA Corps from Bosnia and Herzegovina, under the leadership of Ratko Mladi. The fighting in Croatia ended in mid- 1.
Operation Flash and Operation Storm. At the end of these operations, Croatia had reclaimed all of its territory except the UNPA Sector East portion of Slavonia, bordering Serbia. Most of the Serb population in the reclaimed areas became refugees, and these operations led to war crimes trials by the ICTY against elements of the Croatian military leadership, all of whom were ultimately acquitted. The war was predominantly a territorial conflict between the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina chiefly supported by Bosniaks, the self- proclaimed Bosnian Serb entity Republika Srpska, and the self- proclaimed Herzeg- Bosnia, who were led and supplied by Serbia and Croatia respectively, reportedly with a goal of the partition of Bosnia. Opposed to the Bosnian- majority led government's agenda for independence, and along with other armed nationalist Serb militant forces, the JNA attempted to prevent Bosnian citizens from voting in the 1. The conflict, typified by the years- long Sarajevo siege and Srebrenica, was by far the bloodiest and most widely covered of the Yugoslav wars. Bosnia's Serb faction led by ultra- nationalist Radovan Karad.
To link the disjointed parts of territories populated by Serbs and areas claimed by Serbs, Karad. In January 1. 99. Croat. After the successful Flash and Storm operations, the Croatian Army and the combined Bosnian and Croat forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, conducted an operation codenamed Operation Mistral to push back Bosnian Serb military gains. Together with NATO air strikes on the Bosnian Serbs, the successes on the ground put pressure on the Serbs to come to the negotiating table. Pressure was put on all sides to stick to the cease- fire and negotiate an end to the war in Bosnia.
The war ended with the signing of the Dayton Agreement on 1. December 1. 99. 5, with the formation of Republika Srpska as an entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina being the resolution for Bosnian Serb demands. In 2. 00. 4, the ICTY ruled that the Srebrenica massacre constituted genocide. Kosovar Albanians were fired in large numbers from public enterprises and institutions, including banks, hospitals, the post office and schools. Kosovar Albanian teachers were prevented from entering school premises for the new school year beginning in September 1. Armed clashes between two sides broke out in early 1.
A NATO- facilitated ceasefire was signed on 1. October, but both sides broke it two months later and fighting resumed. When the killing of 4. Kosovar Albanians in the Ra. After the Rambouillet Accords broke down on 2. March with Yugoslav rejection of an external peacekeeping force, NATO prepared to install the peacekeepers by force.
The NATO bombing of Yugoslavia followed, an intervention against Serbian forces with a mainly bombing campaign, under the command of General Wesley Clark. Kosovo was placed under the governmental control of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo and the military protection of Kosovo Force (KFOR).
The 1. 5- month war had left thousands of civilians killed on both sides and over a million displaced. The goal of the NLA was to give greater rights and autonomy to the country's Albanian minority, who make up 2. Tetovo) of the population of Macedonia.
These weapons later turned up on the black arms market of Europe. Rape perpetrated by Serb forces served to destroy cultural and social ties of the victims and their communities. Serbian soldiers hoped to force Bosnian women to carry Serbian children through repeated rape. The systematic rape of Bosnian women may have carried further- reaching repercussions than the initial displacement of rape victims. Stress, caused by the trauma of rape, coupled with the lack of access to reproductive health care often experienced by displaced peoples, lead to serious health risks for victimized women.